Among numerous explorations into solving the problem of disposing of waste wind turbine blade recycling, pyrolysis technology has emerged as a leading solution. During wind turbine blade pyrolysis process, the composite materials in wind turbine blades undergo complex and orderly decomposition changes.
As the temperature rises, they decompose into combustible gases, liquid oil, and solid carbon black. Meanwhile, the glass fibers largely retain their fibrous form in pyrolysis machine. They remain as solid residue, becoming a valuable recyclable resource.
The pyrolysis process for wind turbine blade recycling generally includes three main stages: pretreatment, pyrolysis reaction, and product separation.
In the pretreatment stage, waste blades need to be cleaned and crushed to remove surface impurities and reduce blade size. This facilitates the subsequent pyrolysis reaction and also improves the processing efficiency of the pyrolysis equipment.
In the wind turbine blade pyrolysis reaction stage, parameters are precisely controlled according to the blade material characteristics and the requirements of target product. These parameters include pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, and reaction time, ensuring the blades decompose fully under the set conditions.
In the product separation stage, the gaseous, liquid, and solid products by wind turbine blade pyrolysis are effectively separated for further processing and utilization. This stage adopts various techniques, such as condensation, filtration, and adsorption.
Pyrolysis oil is a liquid product. Its composition is complex, containing various organic compounds such as aromatics, alkenes, phenols, alcohols, and ketones. These compounds give pyrolysis oil high chemical utilization value. From a fuel perspective, after appropriate upgrading, pyrolysis oil can be used as a liquid fuel oil. Pyrolysis oil also has broad application prospects in the chemical industry. Due to its rich content of various organic compounds, it can be used as a raw material for the production of resins, plastics, coatings, inks, and other chemical products.
Pyrolysis gas is one of the important byproducts produced during the pyrolysis process. Its main components include combustible gases such as hydrogen (H₂), methane (CH₄), and carbon monoxide (CO). These gases have high calorific value and are excellent energy carriers.
In the energy sector, pyrolysis gas can be directly used as fuel for power generation and heating. By feeding the pyrolysis gas into a gas turbine or internal combustion engine, the heat generated from combustion drives a generator, thus producing electricity.
Fibers are one of the solid products retained after pyrolysis, primarily glass fibers. These glass fibers largely retain their original fibrous morphology and properties during pyrolysis. They possess high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, making them an excellent reinforcing material.
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